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【背景】电动公交充电设施配置及充电调度受车辆行程时间与能耗的影响显著，以往研究较少综合考虑两者的时空动态特征。【目标】考虑车辆行程时间及能耗的动态特征，联合优化充电设施配置与实时充电调度，以降低电动公交运营成本并缓解电网压力。【方法】首先在设施配置阶段，以最小化总成本为目标，建立充电设施配置综合优化模型，确定快充桩规模、车载电池容量等参数；随后在充电调度阶段，以最小化充电成本为目标，构建实时滚动充电调度模型；最后基于实际公交运行数据，进行了案例分析。【结果】与以往慢充设施配置相比，充电设施配置综合优化模型使设施配置的总成本下降了约58%；与现状无序充电相比，实时滚动充电调度模型降低了约21%的充电运营成本，并估计了滚动时域最佳时间窗长度为180 min。【应用】研究成果对促进城市电动公交精细化运营调度有重要的理论及实践价值。
Abstract：[Background] The configuration of electric bus charging infrastructure and charging scheduling is significantly influenced by dynamic fluctuations in travel time and energy consumption. Previous studies have rarely provided a comprehensive consideration of the spatiotemporal dynamics of vehicle travel time and energy consumption. [Objective] To consider the dynamic characteristics of travel time and energy consumption, and jointly optimize charging infrastructure configuration and real-time charging plans, in order to reduce operating costs and alleviate grid pressure.[Method] Firstly, in the infrastructure configuration stage, a charging infrastructure configuration optimization model is developed to minimize total system costs, determining the optimal parameters such as the scale of fast chargers and battery capacity. Subsequently, in the charging scheduling stage, a rolling-horizon optimization model is formulated to minimize charging costs. Then, a case study was conducted using the real-world bus operating data. [Result] Compared with conventional slow-charging infrastructure configuration, the charging infrastructure configuration model reduces total deployment costs by approximately 58%. Concurrently, real-time rolling-horizon charging scheduling achieves an approximately 21% reduction in operational charging costs compared with uncoordinated charging, and the optimal length of the rolling-horizon time window is estimated to be180 minutes. [Application] The findings hold significant theoretical and practical implications for advancing precision management in urban electric bus operations.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2025.08.019
中图分类号:TM910.6;U491.8
引用信息:
[1]单肖年,魏怡琳,赵娇娇,等.考虑动态行程时间及能耗的电动公交充电设施与充电调度联合优化[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2026,24(02):117-129.DOI:10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2025.08.019.
基金信息:
江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20242054）; 同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目（K202302）
2025-10-28
2025-10-28
2025-10-28