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【背景】驾驶行为不仅是个体特征的体现，还深受地区文化、交通环境和社会习惯等因素的影响，进而形成不同的驾驶文化，深入研究不同文化背景下驾驶文化差异能为自动驾驶的跨文化应用提供支持。【目标】从安全、效率和舒适三个维度系统揭示中国和美国驾驶员的微观驾驶行为特性差异，为构建文化自适应的自动驾驶优化策略提供依据。【方法】基于“数据预处理-宏观交通状态匹配-三维指标体系构建-微观驾驶行为对比”的框架，从安全、效率和舒适维度提取6项指标，对中美的微观驾驶行为进行系统对比和定量分析。【数据】整合中国Citysim与美国NGSIM的高速公路车辆轨迹数据集开展实证分析，累计车辆轨迹数超过2.8万。【结论】中美两国在微观驾驶行为的安全、效率和舒适方面均表现出显著差异：相同交通状态下，中国驾驶员的安全性更高，美国驾驶员的风险暴露时间相比中国驾驶员增幅达到105.3%，风险暴露强度也更高，增幅达到95.0%；中国驾驶员的驾驶效率更高，其相对期望速度偏差相比美国驾驶员下降了3.2%～7.8%，更倾向按照期望速度驾驶，并且平均车头时距下降8.48%～35.48%，能够更有效地利用道路资源；此外，中国驾驶员驾驶舒适性显著高于美国，平均绝对急动度下降了19.72%～50.68%，且加速和减速事件频率更低，驾驶行为更加平稳。【应用】揭示了中西方微观驾驶行为的文化差异，提出的文化差异量化框架对自动驾驶算法的本地化优化和全球化部署具有重要意义。
Abstract：[Background] Driving behavior is not only a reflection of individual characteristics but is also determined significantly by regional culture, traffic environment, and social habits, which collectively shape driving cultures. Comprehensive investigations into these cultural differences in driving behavior can provide support for cross-cultural applications of autonomous driving. However, existing studies are limited to a single country or local indicators and don't adequately perform systematic comparisons of driving-behavior characteristics under different cultural backgrounds. [Objective]This study aims to systematically reveal the differences in micro-driving behavior characteristics between Chinese and American drivers in terms of safety, efficiency, and comfort, thus providing a basis for developing culturally adaptive optimization strategies for autonomous driving. [Methods]Based on the framework of “data preprocessing-macro-traffic-state matching-three-dimensional indicator system construction-micro-driving-behavior comparison”, six indicators are extracted from the safety, efficiency, and comfort aspects to systematically compare and quantitatively analyze the micro-driving behaviors of Chinese and American drivers. [Data] An empirical analysis is conducted by integrating the Citysim dataset from China and the Next Generation Simulation(NGSIM) highway vehicle trajectory dataset from the United States, totaling more than 28 000 vehicle trajectories.[Conclusions] Significant differences in micro-driving behavior between China and the United States are observed in terms of safety, efficiency, and comfort. Under the same traffic conditions, Chinese drivers exhibit higher safety, with their risk exposure time being 105.3% higher in the United States than in China, while the intensity of risk exposure increased by 95.0%. Chinese drivers demonstrate higher driving efficiency, and their relative desired velocity deviation is 3.2%～7.8% lower than that of American drivers, thus indicating a greater tendency to drive at the desired speed. Meanwhile,their average time headway is 8.48%～35.48% lower, thus enabling a more effective use of road resources. Furthermore, Chinese drivers exhibit significantly higher driving comfort, with their average absolute jerk being 19.72%～50.68% lower, as well as a lower frequency of acceleration and deceleration events, thus reflecting smoother driving behavior. [Application] This study reveals the cultural differences in micro-driving behaviors between the East and West. The proposed framework for quantifying these cultural differences is paramount for the localization optimization and global deployment of autonomous driving algorithms.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2025.06.042
中图分类号:U491.25
引用信息:
[1]白聪聪,陈梦迪,戎栋磊,等.跨文化视角下的中美微观驾驶行为特性分析[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2026,24(01):1-14.DOI:10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2025.06.042.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划课题项目（2023YFB4302600）; 浙江省杰出青年基金项目（LR23E080002）
2025-06-30
2025
2025-07-06
2025-12-11
2025
1
2025-07-11
2025-07-11
2025-07-11