交通运输工程与信息学报

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(1)根据参考文献[2],2021年全国机动车NO_x总排放量为582.1万吨,其中汽车占97.7%,而重型柴油货车NO_x排放量为400.1万吨,在所有汽车中占比400.4/582.1×97.7%=70.4%。2021年全国机动车PM总排放量为6.9万吨,其中汽车占92.2%,而重型柴油货车PM排放量为3.3万吨,在所有汽车中占比3.3/6.9×92.2%=51.9%。

(1)宏观F1分数(macro F1-score)是衡量模型在多类别分类任务中整体性能的指标。F1-score本质上是精确率(Precision)和召回率(Recall)的调和平均,用于权衡分类模型的准确性与覆盖率。而宏观F1分数是对各类别的F1-score取算术平均,能够反映模型在不同类别上的均衡性,尤其适用于类别分布不均衡的情况。