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【背景】迟滞作为典型的交通流非线性现象，其形成机制与驾驶员生理心理特性密切相关。【目标】通过探究驾驶员感知反应点随机性对交通流迟滞的影响规律，提出减弱迟滞强度的优化策略，从而缓解交通振荡和提升行车安全。【方法】首先，运用Parabola2D函数拟合得到AP发生概率分布函数，将AP分布引入智能驾驶模型(Intelligent Driver Model,IDM)并进行迟滞效应仿真分析；随后，基于所提跟驰模型，在特定速度差条件下及时干预驾驶员感知并提供决策信息，从而实现迟滞效应的改善。【数据】对美国交通部联邦公路管理局采集的NGSIM数据集进行降噪处理并提取AP数据，基于此拟合得到AP发生概率分布函数并用于跟驰模型改进和迟滞效应分析。【结果】所提跟驰模型较基线IDM能更准确地捕捉驾驶员感知决策点变化。通过对迟滞效应的相关性分析发现，AP分布参数c与迟滞强度有显著正相关性，z0、b、d值较小时与迟滞强度为负相关，达到一定阈值后转变为正相关。此外，及时干预驾驶员感知并提供决策信息能够有效减弱迟滞效应，迟滞强度随干预速度差范围的增大而逐渐降低，但是当速度差干预范围达到一定阈值后无法进一步提升改善效果。
Abstract：[Background] As a typical nonlinear phenomenon in traffic flow, hysteresis formation is closely related to the physiological and psychological characteristics of drivers. [Objective] To investigate the effect of random action points(APs) on traffic hysteresis as well as to propose optimization strategies to reduce the intensity of hysteresis, thereby alleviating traffic oscillation and improving driving safety. [Methods] First, the probability distribution function of the AP is obtained by fitting the Parabola2D function, and the AP distribution is introduced into an intelligent driver model(IDM) to simulate and analyze the hysteresis effect. Subsequently, the proposed model is used to intervene the driver's perception and provide decision-making information under specific speed-difference conditions to improve the hysteresis effect. Thus, the hysteresis effect is improved. [Data] The NGSIM dataset obtained by the Federal Highway Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation is processed with noise reduction and the AP data are extracted, based on which the probability distribution function of the AP occurrence is fitted to improve the car-following model and analyze the hysteresis effect. [Results] The proposed car-following model can capture changes in driver-perception decision points more accurately than the baseline IDM. The correlation analysis of the hysteresis effect reveals that the AP distribution parameter c has a significant positive correlation with the hysteresis intensity, is negatively correlated with the hysteresis intensity when the values of z0, b, and d are small, and becomes positively correlated after reaching a certain threshold value. Additionally,timely intervention in driver perception and provision of decision-making information can effectively attenuate the hysteresis effect, and the hysteresis intensity gradually decreases with an increase in the intervention speed-difference range; however, further improvements cannot be realized when the speed-difference intervention range reaches a certain threshold.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2024.12.006
中图分类号:U491
引用信息:
[1]杨海飞,华翊璇,粟海琪等.驾驶员感知反应点对交通流迟滞影响特性及其优化策略[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2025,23(03):144-155.DOI:10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2024.12.006.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(62303228); 教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJC630253); 武汉市交通强国建设试点科技联合项目(2024-2-1)