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【背景】空域资源的精细化管理对发展低空经济具有重要影响，低空空域适飞性评估是低空空域管理的关键前提，其受地面建成环境的影响机制尚缺乏系统分析。【目标】评估城市低空空域的适飞性与空间可开发性，揭示地面建成环境对其影响机制。【方法】基于多源地理空间数据，构建包含禁飞缓冲区划定、空间集聚分析（全局/局部莫兰指数）和影响因素回归（OLS）的低空适飞性识别框架。【数据】选取中国55座城市，整合GHS-UCDB-2024、OpenStreetMap/高德POI、3D-GloBFP建筑高度等多源数据，以1 km六边形网格为单元进行分析。【结果】城市适飞空域比例介于54.17%～99.82%，呈现“核心城市受限、非核心城市宽松”的空间分异并具显著正相关性；自然障碍比、城市紧凑性、城市面积与适飞比例正相关，与低空风险设施区域比例呈负相关；功能区的空间集聚布局对适飞性的约束效应强于其比例大小。
Abstract：[Background] The refined management of airspace resources has a significant impact on the development of the low-altitude economy. The assessment of low-altitude airspace airworthiness is a key prerequisite for low-altitude airspace management, but the mechanism by which it is influenced by the built environment on the ground has not yet been systematically analysed. [Objective]Assess the airworthiness and spatial developability of low-altitude airspace in cities, and reveal the mechanisms by which the built environment on the ground affects it. [Methods] Based on multisource geospatial data, a low-altitude airworthiness identification framework was constructed that includes the delineation of no-fly buffer zones, spatial aggregation analysis(global/local Moran's index), and regression analysis of influencing factors(OLS). [Data] Fifty-five cities in China were selected, and multi-source data such as GHS-UCDB-2024, OpenStreetMap/Amap POI, and 3D-GloBFP building heights were integrated for analysis using a 1 km hexagonal grid as the unit. [Results]The proportion of airspace suitable for flight in cities ranges from 54.17% to 99.82%, showing spatial differentiation with“core cities being restricted and non-core cities being relaxed”and a significant positive correlation. The natural obstacle ratio, urban compactness, and urban area are positively correlated with the proportion of airspace suitable for flight, while the proportion of low-altitude risk facility areas is negatively correlated. The spatial agglomeration layout of functional zones has a stronger constraining effect on flight suitability than their size.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2025.06.029
中图分类号:F562;V35;P208
引用信息:
[1]郭文彤,李翔宇,金温妍等.中国主要城市低空适飞空域分析[J].交通运输工程与信息学报,2025,23(03):60-73.DOI:10.19961/j.cnki.1672-4747.2025.06.029.
基金信息:
浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2025C01053); 浙江省杰出青年基金项目(LR23E080002); 国家自然科学基金项目(7236113-7006)